Monday, 16 December 2019
Friday, 13 December 2019
Wednesday, 11 December 2019
8C or Mr. Watt's class will write their test on Wednesday, December the 18th. Grade 8's must submit their notes, their summaries, and their projects before Friday, December 20th. The grade 7 class for Mr. Watt will write the test on the same day. They must have their summaries done and their projects completed before Friday, December the 20th.
8B took up the following today:
Chapter 14, page 18 1-4
problem-solving- an educated or systematic approach to getting the answer
pamphlet- a small booklet containing information
magic lantern show- projected pictures to advertise Canada
exhibition van- an early pop up store or promotional van that contained information
statistics- a numeric approach to collecting and analyzing data
selective immigration- people are chosen to enter a country based on a system to ensure their likelihood for success
discrimination- people are excluded based on a variety of categories such as religion, ethnicity, and a number of other factors
entrepreneur -someone who starts their own business
Red Fife wheat- a type of wheat mixed with a stronger wheat
Marquis wheat- a cross of Red Fife wheat and another wheat which matures earlier
steam engine- wood or coal is burnt to boil water and the steam drives a turbine to power things such a locomotive
chilled steel plough - an invention that could turn over sod or heavy soil
grain elevator- a tall structure used to store grain from several if not hundreds of farmers, before it is transported or processed
2. a) The person had to have the support of their family; the ability to adapt and to learn. He or she must have a very strong work ethic and level of tenacity.
b) The majority came from Eastern Europe such as the Ukraine, Poland, Germany, Hungary, and even Icelandic people. There were also Doukhobors from Russia.
3. Sifton targeted hard working and land starved peoples from Eastern Europe. He once claimed that he would rather have a stalwart peasant in a sheep-skin coat with a stout wife who have farmed the land for generations than untrained people in farming from the cities.
4. New strains of wheat, the chilled steel plough, and the rail networks greatly improved farming.
8B will write their test on Wednesday, December 18th. You must submit your notes for evaluation on this day. Your summaries and your projects are due before Friday, December the 20th.
Tuesday, 10 December 2019
8A & 8C: Students are asked to complete Chapter 14 page 218 1-4.
Here is an outline for the test next week.
Here is an outline for the test next week.
Test Outline
Part A: Vocabulary Fifteen important
items will be chosen.
15 marks
15 marks
1. nomadic-
2. Metis-
3. the Red River Cart-
4. pemmican-
5. the National
Committee of the Metis-
6. the Provisional
Government of the Metis-
7. the Metis Bill of
Rights-
8. the Manitoba Act-
9. scrip-
10. primary source-
11. secondary source-
12. Cypress Hills
Massacre-
13. Fort Whoop-Up-
14. North-West Mounted
Police-
15. bias-
16. Great March-
17. treaty-
18. annuity-
19. reserve-
20. agents-
21. debate-
22. the Indian Act-
23. aboriginal right-
24. the Canadian
Pacific Railway Company-
25. bribe-
26. the Pacific
Scandal-
27. the National
Policy-
28. spikers-
29. trestle-
30. navvies-
31. colonist car-
32. township-
33. section-
34. quarter section-
35. Dominion Land Act-
36. sod house-
37. sodding bee-
38. colonization
company-
39. petition-
40. militia-
41. Battle of Duck
Lake-
42. Battle of Fish
Creek-
43. Battle of Batoche-
44. Battle of Cut
Knife Hill-
45. Gatling gun-
46. high treason-
47. plea of insanity
48. problem-solving
49. pamphlet-
50. magic lantern
show-
51.
exhibition van-
52.
statistics-
53.
selective immigration-
54.
discrimination-
55. entrepreneur-
56. Red Fife wheat-
57. Marquis wheat-
58. steam engine-
59. chilled steel
plough-
60. grain elevator-
Important concepts
from each chapters 8 to 14 will be chosen.
Part B: Circle ‘T’ for
true or ‘F’ for false. 25
marks
Part C: Previously
assigned homework questions. 10
marks
Choose one of
the below questions to answer.
1. Why were the
surveyor slaying out land in squares and how did the Metis react?
2. Who opposed Riel’s
Provisional government in the Red River settlement? Why? What was the major
incident that caused so much bitterness Ontario and Riel?
3. What were the main
tasks that the North-West Mounted Police had been sent out West to do and why
were these tasks necessary in the 1870’s?
4. What was the Great
March West and what did it entail?
5. Why did Crowfoot
not join Sitting bull in war?
6. Why were the
buffalo disappearing rapidly from the plains in the 1870’s?
7. Explain in your own
words the differences between how the Aboriginal peoples and settlers viewed
the land.
8. In what ways did
the signing of the treaties mean the end of a way of life for Aboriginal
peoples of the plains in terms of lifestyle, livelihood, health and traditions?
9. How were the
railroad policies of John A. Macdonald and Alexander Mackenzie different?
Explain.
10. Why did Macdonald
introduce the National Policy? What were
the three elements of the National Policy and how did each part ideally lead to
the growth and prosperity for Canada?
11. Why were Crowfoot
and the Blackfoot (Siksika) upset over the railway?
12. What problems
existed in building the railway across northern Ontario and British
Columbia? What were the solutions and
what were the costs?
13. Describe how the
land in the West was made ready for settlers.
14. Why did people
leave their homelands for Canada in the 1880’s? Why do people move to Canada
from other countries today?
15. Outline the terms
of the Dominion Land Act in 1872.
16. Why would Riel be
considered a hero in Quebec? How did
Riel create problems for Sir John A. Macdonald? How did the people of Ontario
react to Riel and Quebec’s opinion of Riel?
17. What qualities did people need to be
successful homesteaders on the prairies and where were their origins?
18. Explain why
Sifton’s immigration advertising campaign was largely successful.
19. What new
inventions helped to make farming in the West more efficient?
Part D: Analyze a
provided political cartoon and explain
what is explicitly or implicitly drawn and written. 10
marks
Monday, 9 December 2019
8B: we took up page 198 1 and 3 for Chapter 13. 8B homework: page 218 1-4, Chapter 14, Spreading the Word about Canada
1.
petition- a formal request to an authority for rights privileges and other benefits; it is usually signed and considered a form of passive social protest.
militia- citizens train to defend their country on a volunteer basis with little military training.
the Battle of Duck Lake - the Northwest mounted police found it was blocked by Natives and they were outnumbered.
the Battle of Fish Creek- a general led 850 troops against Metis troops and it was major victory for the Metis
Battle of Batoche- it was a battle between the Cree, the Sioux, the Metis and the Canadian forces
the Battle of Cut Knife Hill- the Cree forces under Poundmaker battled the Canadian forces
Gatling Gun- an early type of hand crank machine gun
high treason- the intentional plan to overthrow the government; Poundmaker and Riel were both put on trial for treason
plea of insanity- a crime committed by someone who claims or deemed as mentally unstable
3. a) Riel fought for the rights of francophones in Canada's West. He was of French and Native heritage. He wanted to preserve French culture and Metis culture in Canada. Therefore, the people of Quebec supported him.
b) Macdonald saw that Riel would undermine Macdonald's French support, interfere with the railway, obstruct future settlers, and contest the authority of Ottawa.
c) The people of Ontario did not like Quebec supporting Riel and many Protestant in Ontario were anti-Catholic and anti-French. The Trial of Louis Riel greatly divided the Dominion of Canada and support for Confederation or further incorporation of lands into Canada.
The Battle of Duck Lake (26 March 1885) was an infantry skirmish 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) outside Duck Lake, Saskatchewan, between North-West Mounted Police forces of the Government of Canada, and the Métis militia of Louis Riel's newly established Provisional Government of Saskatchewan.The skirmish lasted approximately 30 minutes, after which Superintendent Leif Newry Fitzroy Crozier of the NWMP, his forces having endured fierce fire with twelve killed and eleven wounded, called for a general retreat. The battle is considered the initial engagement of the North-West Rebellion. Although Louis Riel proved to be victorious at Duck Lake, the general agreement among historians is that the battle was strategically a disappointment to his cause
The Battle of Fish Creek (also known as the Battle of Tourond's Coulée ), fought April 24, 1885 at Fish Creek, Saskatchewan, was a major Métis victory over the Canadian forces attempting to quell Louis Riel's North-West Rebellion. Although the reversal was not decisive enough to alter the ultimate outcome of the conflict, it was convincing enough to persuade Major General Frederick Middleton to temporarily halt his advance on Batoche, where the Métis would later make their final stand.
The Battle of Batoche was the decisive battle of the North-West Rebellion, which pitted the Canadian authorities against a force of Cree, Sioux, and Métis people. Fought from May 9 to 12, 1885, at the ad hoc Provisional Government of Saskatchewan capital of Batoche, the greater numbers and advanced firepower of General Frederick Middleton's force could not be successfully countered by the Métis men, and the various contributions of the Métis women. The defeat of the Métis led Middleton's army to sack, loot, and burn the houses of the Métis. Louis Riel surrendered on May 15 and shortly after the collapse of the Provisional Government occurred. Poundmaker surrendered on May 26.
The Battle of Cut Knife, fought on May 2, 1885, occurred when a flying column of mounted police, militia, and Canadian army regular army units attacked a Cree and Assiniboine teepee settlement near Battleford, Saskatchewan. First Nations fighters forced the Canadian forces to retreat, with losses on both sides.
petition- a formal request to an authority for rights privileges and other benefits; it is usually signed and considered a form of passive social protest.
militia- citizens train to defend their country on a volunteer basis with little military training.
the Battle of Duck Lake - the Northwest mounted police found it was blocked by Natives and they were outnumbered.
the Battle of Fish Creek- a general led 850 troops against Metis troops and it was major victory for the Metis
Battle of Batoche- it was a battle between the Cree, the Sioux, the Metis and the Canadian forces
the Battle of Cut Knife Hill- the Cree forces under Poundmaker battled the Canadian forces
Gatling Gun- an early type of hand crank machine gun
high treason- the intentional plan to overthrow the government; Poundmaker and Riel were both put on trial for treason
plea of insanity- a crime committed by someone who claims or deemed as mentally unstable
3. a) Riel fought for the rights of francophones in Canada's West. He was of French and Native heritage. He wanted to preserve French culture and Metis culture in Canada. Therefore, the people of Quebec supported him.
b) Macdonald saw that Riel would undermine Macdonald's French support, interfere with the railway, obstruct future settlers, and contest the authority of Ottawa.
c) The people of Ontario did not like Quebec supporting Riel and many Protestant in Ontario were anti-Catholic and anti-French. The Trial of Louis Riel greatly divided the Dominion of Canada and support for Confederation or further incorporation of lands into Canada.
The Battle of Duck Lake (26 March 1885) was an infantry skirmish 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) outside Duck Lake, Saskatchewan, between North-West Mounted Police forces of the Government of Canada, and the Métis militia of Louis Riel's newly established Provisional Government of Saskatchewan.The skirmish lasted approximately 30 minutes, after which Superintendent Leif Newry Fitzroy Crozier of the NWMP, his forces having endured fierce fire with twelve killed and eleven wounded, called for a general retreat. The battle is considered the initial engagement of the North-West Rebellion. Although Louis Riel proved to be victorious at Duck Lake, the general agreement among historians is that the battle was strategically a disappointment to his cause
The Battle of Fish Creek (also known as the Battle of Tourond's Coulée ), fought April 24, 1885 at Fish Creek, Saskatchewan, was a major Métis victory over the Canadian forces attempting to quell Louis Riel's North-West Rebellion. Although the reversal was not decisive enough to alter the ultimate outcome of the conflict, it was convincing enough to persuade Major General Frederick Middleton to temporarily halt his advance on Batoche, where the Métis would later make their final stand.
The Battle of Batoche was the decisive battle of the North-West Rebellion, which pitted the Canadian authorities against a force of Cree, Sioux, and Métis people. Fought from May 9 to 12, 1885, at the ad hoc Provisional Government of Saskatchewan capital of Batoche, the greater numbers and advanced firepower of General Frederick Middleton's force could not be successfully countered by the Métis men, and the various contributions of the Métis women. The defeat of the Métis led Middleton's army to sack, loot, and burn the houses of the Métis. Louis Riel surrendered on May 15 and shortly after the collapse of the Provisional Government occurred. Poundmaker surrendered on May 26.
The Battle of Cut Knife, fought on May 2, 1885, occurred when a flying column of mounted police, militia, and Canadian army regular army units attacked a Cree and Assiniboine teepee settlement near Battleford, Saskatchewan. First Nations fighters forced the Canadian forces to retreat, with losses on both sides.
Thursday, 5 December 2019
Wednesday, 4 December 2019
https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/s5e3-the-buffalo-alliance-poundmaker-and-crowfoot/id1084867254?i=1000451797426
I will be playing five minute segments of podcasts in class for the grade 8's based on the above podcast that explores Canadian history as it applies to the grade 8 curriculum.
I will be playing five minute segments of podcasts in class for the grade 8's based on the above podcast that explores Canadian history as it applies to the grade 8 curriculum.
S5E3 The Buffalo Alliance – Poundmaker and CrowfootCool Canadian History
- History
Two of the 19th century's most prominent leaders of the plains First Nations evolve from enemies into friends while faced with grave threats to their people and their way of life, both are thus forced to make hard choices in the tumultuous violent period of the late 19th century.
Tuesday, 3 December 2019
8C took up the below chapter. Homework: Chapter 13: The North-West Rebellion, page 198 1-3. This is due next Tuesday, December 10th.
Chapter 12, page 179 1-4,
township- a square farmland or community that is 10 km by 10 km or 100 km2; it is a grid like formation
section- a perfect square measuring 1.6 km or 2.56 km2
quarter section- 65 hectares; they were marked by position such as North-West and South East
Dominion Land Act- any adult could claim a quarter section of land
sod house- a house made from earth or soil; it was temporary housing
dugout- a home made by digging a hole in the hillside
sodding bee- a community would gather together and build houses together this also applies to quilting and other communal activities
colonization company - the Canadian government sold large tracts of land to individuals
2. The lands were already divided by surveyors and taken from the First Nations through treaties. There were three steps: one, townships were made into 10 km length squares; second they were subdivided into 36 section measuring 1.6 km in length; lastly, each section was divided into quarters and contained 65 hectares.
3. a) People left for homestead because land was given away and all they had to do was pay a $5.00 registrations. Icelandic, Ukrainians, Germans, Polish, and a variety of immigrants arrived in Canada.
*Clifford Sifton promoted immigration to Canada and he encouraged East Europeans to settle in the prairies because they knew how to farm the land and the wanted to be land owners. Canada was advertised as the Eldorado or a mythical land of gold.*
b) People move for various reasons: safety, employment, land, family ties, freedom, stability, education, opportunities, trade, peace, and religious freedom.
4. The terms let any head of family to pay a fee, build a house, cultivate the land, and be there for at least six years before claiming it. This prevented speculators from just paying the fee and immediately selling and not developing the land.
Chapter 12, page 179 1-4,
township- a square farmland or community that is 10 km by 10 km or 100 km2; it is a grid like formation
section- a perfect square measuring 1.6 km or 2.56 km2
quarter section- 65 hectares; they were marked by position such as North-West and South East
Dominion Land Act- any adult could claim a quarter section of land
sod house- a house made from earth or soil; it was temporary housing
dugout- a home made by digging a hole in the hillside
sodding bee- a community would gather together and build houses together this also applies to quilting and other communal activities
colonization company - the Canadian government sold large tracts of land to individuals
2. The lands were already divided by surveyors and taken from the First Nations through treaties. There were three steps: one, townships were made into 10 km length squares; second they were subdivided into 36 section measuring 1.6 km in length; lastly, each section was divided into quarters and contained 65 hectares.
3. a) People left for homestead because land was given away and all they had to do was pay a $5.00 registrations. Icelandic, Ukrainians, Germans, Polish, and a variety of immigrants arrived in Canada.
*Clifford Sifton promoted immigration to Canada and he encouraged East Europeans to settle in the prairies because they knew how to farm the land and the wanted to be land owners. Canada was advertised as the Eldorado or a mythical land of gold.*
b) People move for various reasons: safety, employment, land, family ties, freedom, stability, education, opportunities, trade, peace, and religious freedom.
4. The terms let any head of family to pay a fee, build a house, cultivate the land, and be there for at least six years before claiming it. This prevented speculators from just paying the fee and immediately selling and not developing the land.
8B took up the below chapter. Homework: Chapter 13: The North-West Rebellion, page 198 1-3.
Chapter 12, page 179 1-4,
township- a square farmland or community that is 10 km by 10 km or 100 km2; it is a grid like formation
section- a perfect square measuring 1.6 km or 2.56 km2
quarter section- 65 hectares; they were marked by position such as North-West and South East
Dominion Land Act- any adult could claim a quarter section of land
sod house- a house made from earth or soil; it was temporary housing
dugout- a home made by digging a hole in the hillside
sodding bee- a community would gather together and build houses together this also applies to quilting and other communal activities
colonization company - the Canadian government sold large tracts of land to individuals
2. The lands were already divided by surveyors and taken from the First Nations through treaties. There were three steps: one, townships were made into 10 km length squares; second they were subdivided into 36 section measuring 1.6 km in length; lastly, each section was divided into quarters and contained 65 hectares.
3. a) People left for homestead s land was given away and all they had to do was pay a $5.00 registrations. Icelandic, Ukrainians, Germans, Polish, and a variety of immigrants arrived in Canada.
*Clifford Sifton promoted immigration to Canada and he encouraged East Europeans to settle in the prairies because they knew how to farm the land and the wanted to be land owners. Canada was advertised as the Eldorado or a mythical land of gold.*
b) People move for various reasons: safety, employment, land, family ties, freedom, stability, education, opportunities, trade, peace, and religious freedom.
4. The terms let any head of family to pay a fee, build a house, cultivate the land, and be there for at least six years before claiming it. This prevented speculators from just paying the fee and immediately selling and not developing the land.
Chapter 12, page 179 1-4,
township- a square farmland or community that is 10 km by 10 km or 100 km2; it is a grid like formation
section- a perfect square measuring 1.6 km or 2.56 km2
quarter section- 65 hectares; they were marked by position such as North-West and South East
Dominion Land Act- any adult could claim a quarter section of land
sod house- a house made from earth or soil; it was temporary housing
dugout- a home made by digging a hole in the hillside
sodding bee- a community would gather together and build houses together this also applies to quilting and other communal activities
colonization company - the Canadian government sold large tracts of land to individuals
2. The lands were already divided by surveyors and taken from the First Nations through treaties. There were three steps: one, townships were made into 10 km length squares; second they were subdivided into 36 section measuring 1.6 km in length; lastly, each section was divided into quarters and contained 65 hectares.
3. a) People left for homestead s land was given away and all they had to do was pay a $5.00 registrations. Icelandic, Ukrainians, Germans, Polish, and a variety of immigrants arrived in Canada.
*Clifford Sifton promoted immigration to Canada and he encouraged East Europeans to settle in the prairies because they knew how to farm the land and the wanted to be land owners. Canada was advertised as the Eldorado or a mythical land of gold.*
b) People move for various reasons: safety, employment, land, family ties, freedom, stability, education, opportunities, trade, peace, and religious freedom.
4. The terms let any head of family to pay a fee, build a house, cultivate the land, and be there for at least six years before claiming it. This prevented speculators from just paying the fee and immediately selling and not developing the land.
If you are interested in any podcasts that feature Canadian history then you may wish to listen to the following podcast, regarding the Battle of Batoche. It examines the role of Louis Riel and the North-West Rebellion Canadian history.
https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/cool-canadian-history/id1084867254?i=1000376999818
https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/cool-canadian-history/id1084867254?i=1000376999818
S2E4 A Rebellious Last Stand: The Battle of Batoche May 1885Cool Canadian History
- History
In 1885 an alliance of Metis and First Nations rebel against the Canadian government seeking to incorporate what would become the province of Saskatchewan. The rebels (or heroes to some) are forced into a final last stand at Batoche in May.
Monday, 2 December 2019
8B/C took up the below chapter. Homework: Chapter 13: The North-West Rebellion, page 198 1-3. This is due next Tuesday, December 10th, for 8C.
Chapter 12, page 179 1-4,
township- a square farmland or community that is 10 km by 10 km or 100 km2; it is a grid like formation
section- a perfect square measuring 1.6 km or 2.56 km2
quarter section- 65 hectares; they were marked by position such as North-West and South East
Dominion Land Act- any adult could claim a quarter section of land
sod house- a house made from earth or soil; it was temporary housing
dugout- a home made by digging a hole in the hillside
sodding bee- a community would gather together and build houses together this also applies to quilting and other communal activities
colonization company - the Canadian government sold large tracts of land to individuals
2. The lands were already divided by surveyors and taken from the First Nations through treaties. There were three steps: one, townships were made into 10 km length squares; second they were subdivided into 36 section measuring 1.6 km in length; lastly, each section was divided into quarters and contained 65 hectares.
3. a) People left for homestead stiff land was given away and all they had to do was pay a $5.00 registrations. Icelandic, Ukrainians, Germans, Polish, and a variety of immigrants arrived in Canada.
*Clifford Sifton promoted immigration to Canada and he encouraged East Europeans to settle in the prairies because the knew how to farm the land and the wanted to be land owners. Canada was advertised as the Eldorado or a mythical land of gold.*
b) People move for various reasons: safety, employment, land, family ties, freedom, stability, education, opportunities, trade, peace, and religious freedom.
4. The terms let any head of family to pay a fee, build a house, cultivate the land, and be there for at least six years before claiming it. This prevented speculators from just paying the fee and immediately selling and not developing the land.
Chapter 12, page 179 1-4,
township- a square farmland or community that is 10 km by 10 km or 100 km2; it is a grid like formation
section- a perfect square measuring 1.6 km or 2.56 km2
quarter section- 65 hectares; they were marked by position such as North-West and South East
Dominion Land Act- any adult could claim a quarter section of land
sod house- a house made from earth or soil; it was temporary housing
dugout- a home made by digging a hole in the hillside
sodding bee- a community would gather together and build houses together this also applies to quilting and other communal activities
colonization company - the Canadian government sold large tracts of land to individuals
2. The lands were already divided by surveyors and taken from the First Nations through treaties. There were three steps: one, townships were made into 10 km length squares; second they were subdivided into 36 section measuring 1.6 km in length; lastly, each section was divided into quarters and contained 65 hectares.
3. a) People left for homestead stiff land was given away and all they had to do was pay a $5.00 registrations. Icelandic, Ukrainians, Germans, Polish, and a variety of immigrants arrived in Canada.
*Clifford Sifton promoted immigration to Canada and he encouraged East Europeans to settle in the prairies because the knew how to farm the land and the wanted to be land owners. Canada was advertised as the Eldorado or a mythical land of gold.*
b) People move for various reasons: safety, employment, land, family ties, freedom, stability, education, opportunities, trade, peace, and religious freedom.
4. The terms let any head of family to pay a fee, build a house, cultivate the land, and be there for at least six years before claiming it. This prevented speculators from just paying the fee and immediately selling and not developing the land.
Chapter 12, page 179 1-4,
township- a square farmland or community that is 10 km by 10 km or 100 km2; it is a grid like formation
section- a perfect square measuring 1.6 km or 2.56 km2
quarter section- 65 hectares; they were marked by position such as North-West and South East
Dominion Land Act- any adult could claim a quarter section of land
sod house- a house made from earth or soil; it was temporary housing
dugout- a home made by digging a hole in the hillside
sodding bee- a community would gather together and build houses together this also applies to quilting and other communal activities
colonization company - the Canadian government sold large tracts of land to individuals
2. The lands were already divided by surveyors and taken from the First Nations through treaties. There were three steps: one, townships were made into 10 km length squares; second they were subdivided into 36 section measuring 1.6 km in length; lastly, each section was divided into quarters and contained 65 hectares.
3. a) People left for homestead stiff land was given away and all they had to do was pay a $5.00 registrations. Icelandic, Ukrainians, Germans, Polish, and a variety of immigrants arrived in Canada.
*Clifford Sifton promoted immigration to Canada and he encouraged East Europeans to settle in the prairies because the knew how to farm the land and the wanted to be land owners. Canada was advertised as the Eldorado or a mythical land of gold.*
b) People move for various reasons: safety, employment, land, family ties, freedom, stability, education, opportunities, trade, peace, and religious freedom.
4. The terms let any head of family to pay a fee, build a house, cultivate the land, and be there for at least six years before claiming it. This prevented speculators from just paying the fee and immediately selling and not developing the land.
township- a square farmland or community that is 10 km by 10 km or 100 km2; it is a grid like formation
section- a perfect square measuring 1.6 km or 2.56 km2
quarter section- 65 hectares; they were marked by position such as North-West and South East
Dominion Land Act- any adult could claim a quarter section of land
sod house- a house made from earth or soil; it was temporary housing
dugout- a home made by digging a hole in the hillside
sodding bee- a community would gather together and build houses together this also applies to quilting and other communal activities
colonization company - the Canadian government sold large tracts of land to individuals
2. The lands were already divided by surveyors and taken from the First Nations through treaties. There were three steps: one, townships were made into 10 km length squares; second they were subdivided into 36 section measuring 1.6 km in length; lastly, each section was divided into quarters and contained 65 hectares.
3. a) People left for homestead stiff land was given away and all they had to do was pay a $5.00 registrations. Icelandic, Ukrainians, Germans, Polish, and a variety of immigrants arrived in Canada.
*Clifford Sifton promoted immigration to Canada and he encouraged East Europeans to settle in the prairies because the knew how to farm the land and the wanted to be land owners. Canada was advertised as the Eldorado or a mythical land of gold.*
b) People move for various reasons: safety, employment, land, family ties, freedom, stability, education, opportunities, trade, peace, and religious freedom.
4. The terms let any head of family to pay a fee, build a house, cultivate the land, and be there for at least six years before claiming it. This prevented speculators from just paying the fee and immediately selling and not developing the land.
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